Foreach

For loops allow to iterate over different sets of data and perform actions based on them.

// read a file with numbers in it (file content will always be represented by strings)
// .lines() splits the lines of the file into an array
input = open("examples/aoc/2021/day-1/input").lines()

// define temporary array
a = []

foreach i, number in input
  // read each line into temporary array and cast it into an integer
  a.push(number.strip().to_i())
end

// assign temporary array to input array
input = a

Return Value

Loops do return the variable they are iterating after the last loop.

def iterate(items)
  foreach item in items
    puts(item)
  end
end

a = [1,2,3,4,5]

b = iterate(a)

// b is now [1,2,3,4,5]

Using an integer

Count form zero to a given number (excluding):

🚀 > foreach i in 5
  puts(i)
end

0
1
2
3
4
=> 5

Using a string

Iterate over a string:

🚀 > foreach i in "test" 
  puts(i)
end

"t"
"e"
"s"
"t" 
=> "test"

Using break and next

It is possible to use next or break inside a loop.

foreach i in 5
  if (i == 2)
    next
  end
  puts(i)
end

foreach i in 5
  if (i == 2)
    break
  end
  puts(i)
end

// Returns
0
1
3
4
0
1
nil

Using range

You can use the so called rocket range operator to create an individual range with optional stepping:

foreach i in 0 -> 5
  puts(i)
end

// outputs
0
1
2
3
4

There is also an inclusive alternative:

foreach i in 0 => 5
  puts(i)
end

// outputs
0
1
2
3
4
5

Stepping

You can specify stepping to change the default of 1

foreach i in 0 -> 5 ^ 2
  puts(i)
end

// outputs
0
2
4

Reverse

Ranges do support going from a higher value to a lower one

foreach i in 5 -> 0 ^ 2
  puts(i)
end

// outputs
5
3
1